TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY OUTCOMES AND MORTALITY PREDICTORS IN EASTERN INDIA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY dranil4@gmail.com

 

TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY OUTCOMES AND MORTALITY PREDICTORS IN EASTERN INDIA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

4

India

Oral or Poster

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a growing public health burden in low- and middle-income countries like India, where limitations in healthcare infrastructure often delay critical diagnosis and intervention. This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes and identify predictors of mortality in TBI patients treated at a tertiary care trauma center in Eastern India.

A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over eighteen months at a level-1 trauma centre. A total of 383 patients with TBI were enrolled based on predefined inclusion criteria. Demographic data, injury mechanisms, clinical parameters, radiological findings, and interventions were recorded. The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) was used to assess functional outcomes at discharge, 3 months, and 6 months post-injury. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of mortality and poor outcomes

The mean patient age was 34.4 years, with 68.9% being male. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of injury (68.9%), followed by falls. At 6-month follow-up, 67.9% of patients had good recovery (GOSE 6–8), while the overall mortality rate was 24.5%. Significant predictors of mortality included age, initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, non-reactive pupils, and specific CT findings such as intraventricular hemorrhage, sulcal effacement, and midline shift. Surgical interventions, particularly burr-hole and craniotomy, were linked to better outcomes.

Early clinical and radiological assessment combined with timely neurosurgical intervention improves outcomes in TBI patients. Strengthening trauma systems and standardised care protocols is essential to reduce TBI-related mortality in resource-limited settings.